HFACS

Mapping the Human Factors Behind Maritime Accidents Through Systematic Review

Human error drives most maritime accidents, yet the underlying causal factors remain stubbornly difficult to map systematically. A new systematic review of 65 eligible studies confirms that the Human Factors Analysis and Classification System has matured beyond simple accident classification into a genuinely integrated analytical tool. Researchers in China and Türkiye are leading this growth, combining HFACS with probabilistic and data-driven methods. For deeper context on how human factors shape risk models, see our related study *Quantifying human factors in vessel loss-of-control risk models*.