Advancing equity through the “capability to aspire” in ocean and coastal governance: centering indigenous and local values to shape social–ecological futures — a review

The recent review article, "Advancing equity through the ‘capability to aspire’ in ocean and coastal governance: centering indigenous and local values to shape social–ecological futures," sheds light on an important and often overlooked aspect of marine governance: the values and knowledge systems of Indigenous Peoples and Local Communities (IPLCs). As the pressures of climate change and socioecological shifts mount, the need for inclusive and equitable governance frameworks becomes increasingly critical. This review synthesizes extensive research and highlights the intricate relationship between IPLC values, governance practices, and the overarching quest for social equity in ocean stewardship. In a world where biodiversity is threatened, as evidenced by discoveries like those of vast underwater ecosystems such as the Islands of biodiversity created by remote Arctic kelp forests of the central Kitikmeot Sea, understanding these dynamics is essential.

One of the review's most significant contributions is its emphasis on the mechanisms through which IPLCs can mobilize their knowledge and values, such as through collaborative governance and Indigenous-led research. These practices not only enhance local authority but also promote stewardship that is culturally relevant and contextually grounded. However, the review also highlights the challenges that IPLCs face in asserting their perspectives amid competing interests and the uncertainties brought about by climate change. The intersection of diverse ocean uses with traditional knowledge systems can lead to conflicts, and without a robust framework that respects and incorporates IPLC values, future governance may reinforce existing inequities. This is particularly pressing in light of ongoing discoveries about the ocean's hidden ecosystems, such as the Giant squid discovery uncovers a hidden deep-sea world off Australia, which further complicate our understanding of marine biodiversity and the roles IPLCs can play in its protection.

The review identifies three overarching insights that encapsulate the current state of IPLC engagement in marine governance. It underscores that while pathways for more equitable governance are emerging, the capacity to aspire for these transitions remains uneven across different contexts. This disparity indicates that not all IPLCs have equal access to the resources and authority needed to influence decision-making effectively. Building the capability to aspire requires a nuanced understanding of historical contexts, current realities, and future possibilities. The review suggests that fostering these capabilities is essential for IPLCs to negotiate their roles within shifting governance frameworks and ecological conditions. This is a crucial point as it suggests that true equity in ocean governance is not merely about inclusion but also about empowering IPLCs to shape their futures actively.

Looking ahead, it is vital to consider how we can create supportive environments that enable IPLCs to articulate their aspirations and values within ocean governance. This requires not only a shift in policy and practice but also a commitment to collaborative learning and knowledge sharing among all stakeholders. As we navigate the complexities of marine conservation and management, how can we ensure that the voices of IPLCs are not just heard but are integral to shaping the future of our oceans? Addressing this question will be essential in advancing an equitable and effective governance framework that honors the rich tapestry of Indigenous and local knowledge while addressing the urgent challenges of our time.